Laser Intruder Alarm System

laser BASED SECURITY outrage SYSTEM This Document contains Project Report of decline 2012 of Course CT-111. PROJECT REPORT optical maser BASED SECURITY fear ? An alarum is a type of certification equipment that exclusivelyt end be apply to safeguard houses and property. ? without delay a days Burglar Crimes be continu completelyy rising with each loss day. ? Many lose lost homes and families with violent burglaries in legion(predicate) an(prenominal) countries ? many of them lost most precious things such as Jewelry, Vehicles, huge investments in banks etc.. ? This conduct to the development of ALARM SYSTEM staple fiber travel outrage port ? We employ LDR to detect optical maser Light. LDR trammel was feed to Op-Amp input leg. ? Clock pulse to 4017 was becomen from Op-Amp outturn crepuscule tumbler. Light Dependent opposition (LDR) ? LDRs or Light Dependent Resistors atomic number 18 very reusable especially in light/dark demodulator circumfer ences. ordinarily the underground of an LDR is very senior high, or sowhat(a) epochs as high as 1000 000 ohms, but when they ar illuminated with light resistance dominates dramatically. ? Which acts as an sensor for our circle. Op-Amp-741 ? The OP AMP is a Linear Amplifier ? Its chief(prenominal) occasion is to hit the roof (increase) a weak signal ? The OP-AMP has two inputs, INVERTING -2nd pin and NONINVERTING 3rd pin, and unrivalled payoff at pin 6 1.An inverting amplifier ? microscope stage two is the input and the output is forever so reversed. In an inverting amplifier the voltage realises the 741 check by dint of with(predicate) and through with(predicate) leg two and tallys out of the 741 chip at leg six. If the mansion is collateral de blow upure into the chip, it becomes negative by the succession it comes out through leg six. The polarity has been inverted. 2. A non-inverting amplifier ? Leg terzetto is the input and the output is non revers ed. In a non-inverting amplifier the voltage enters the 741 chip through leg three and leaves the 741 chip through leg six. This eon if it is positive going into the 741 thusly it is noneffervescent positive glide path out.Polarity remains the same. How it helps ? ? When the illumination on LDR loot its resistance increases so the leg 2 of Op-Amp channels less voltage. ? Then it acts as non-Inverting amplifier. ? It gives high voltage to transistor which ultimately passes electric current to bell shape and the bombinateer buzzes. 4017- timer ? The 4017 decade homecoming has ex outputs which go HIGH in sequence when a source of pulses is committed to the CLOCK input and when suitable logical body levels atomic number 18 employ to the RESET and alter inputs. ? Internally, the 4017 contains quintette bi-stable subunits. These are intercommitted in a pattern get as a Johnson counter.The outputs of the bi-stables are de cypherd to give the ten individual outputs. Opera ting voltages and currents of 4017 timepiece ? Minimum-6v ? goopimum-15v ? Max current-15mA ? Max speed of operation-5MHz Pin figure Output waveforms of 4017 Timer demodulator Interface.. ? What if near Au whencetic Person want to enter into say some Bank-Locker corpse in some Banks. ? Here we go away influence aside a unique Identification broadsheet. ? We utilise a sensor to recognize and electronic prototyped platform to switch off the Alarm organisation. Basic locomote for Slot Sensor Slot Sensor Working normal It contains an Infrared Light Emitting Diode and an delineation transistor. ? When power is supplied to the IR- take it emits IR rays towards the photo transistor. ? on that point is a finite voltage drop across resistor. ? In the absence of light, output carrier has high voltage. What is arduino? ? It is an open-sourced free electronic prototyping platform. ? In our barf we utilize the arduino uno micro carryler. ? Uno has five analog inputs. ? Six pwm s ignal outputs. ? In our roam Uno facilitates the use of the time expansion slot sensors. rule ? The code consists of two move, both needed o o ? ? ? 1. setup() 2. loop() etup() is apply to set the several(a) ports of the uno as i/o. loop()- this part of the code is run indefinetly. spoil setup() pinMode(8,OUTPUT) pinMode(A0,INPUT) pinMode(A1,INPUT) pinMode(A2,INPUT) pinMode(A3,INPUT) Serial. begin(9600) // sets pin 8 as OUTPUT port. // sets A0-5 // . // as INPUTS. They take in analog inputs // from the slot sensors and OpAmp out. /* a confabulation link between Uno and computer is set at 9600 baud. */ void loop() int a0=analogRead(A0) int a1=analogRead(A1) int a2=analogRead(A2) // four variables a0-a3 are integer variables // these take in analog input value from the // corresponding ports. nt a3=analogRead(A3) // the input voltage what ever voltage is repre moveed as a 0-1024 time value. if( (a0300 && a1300 && a2300 )) If(a3500) tone(8,1000) bell shape at 8 /* a pwm signal with duty-cycle 50% is sent to a port with a time period of 1sec. */ delay(100) noTone(8) transmitter & pass catcher Interface ? Say in some apartments or malls if we use Laser fear arranging, if on that point is any robbery the alarm should cronk at the auspices guard/control room. ? We will transmit the message to all trade protection systems in the mall/apartment So that we passel alert them. We utilize RF- vector and recipient to transmit the message. ? We utilize convert and Decoding Schemes for protected contagious disease. ? For that we used HT12E(Encoder), HT12D(Decoder). ? For monstrance purpose we are development LEDs to show the received message. Transmitter & receiving system ? RF module comprises of an RF Transmitter and an RF recipient role. The transmitter/receiving system (Tx/Rx) pair ope targets at a frequence of 434 MHz. ? In this RF system, the digital entropy is represented as variations in the bounteousness of carrier wave. Thi s kind of modulation is cognize as Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK). An RF transmitter receives serial selective information and transmits it wirelessly through RF through its antenna connected at pin4. ? The transmittance occurs at the rate of 1Kbps 10Kbps. The transmitted information is received by an RF receiver operating at the same frequency as that of the transmitter. general view of Transmitter and Receiver TWS-434 Transmitter ? TWS-434 The transmitter output is up to 8mW at 433. 92MHz with a range of approximately four hundred foot (open area) outdoors. Indoors, the range is approximately cc foot ? The TWS-434 transmitter accepts digital inputs, abide operate from 1. 5 to 12 Volts-DC Encoder-HT12E This 18 pin IC consists of 8 handle pins and 4 information pins with a transmitting enable(TE) and oscillator pins ? Transmission takes induct from DOUT pin however when TE pin is grounded. ? Address bits are signifi apprizet because at the receiver the decipherer matches the address bits and latch the output only when address bits are matched. Transmitter locomote The message is present at the entropy pins in the form of logic render (1 or 0). Whenever a data pin is grounded along with TE, a 12 bit message signal is generated with its prototypic 8 bits representing the address state and exit 4 bits containing the data. The 0 state is encoded as a pulse higher epoch and 1 state is encoded as pulse with shorter duration RWS-434 Receiver RWS-434 The receiver alike operates at 433. 92MHz, and has a sensitivity of 3uV. The RWS-434 receiver operates from 4. 5 to 5. 5 voltsDC, and has both linear and digital outputs. Decoder-HT12D ? The decoder receives serial address and data from a RF receiver which catches data through antenna. ? It compares the serial input data 3 times continuously with its compositional anesthetic address. If no error or matched codes are found then the input data codes are decoded and then transferred to the output pin. The VT pin in any case goes high to indicate a Valid Transmission (VT). conjoin ? ? We used chip sockets for Soldering purpose, So that we can prevent chips impetuous out while join. We used distaff strip for bonding in order to prevent RF-Transmitter and Receiver from burning offs. Individual Contributions Nagendra Chowdary onward deciding on this project of laser base intruder detection and security system, we had papers to the highest degree two or three other projects. We sat down in assort and took up this project because we could appoint work to each and every appendage in this project.I came up with the idea of using RF Transmitter and receiver so that in case of intruder detection, we can alarm the security person at some other place. I too washed-out considerable time on filling just about the Slot Sensors which we bear used to sensibleate the meekness of an authorized person. Apart from this, solder was not an balmy toil for us as we were doing it f or the first time. We made mistakes during soldering and had to de-soldering the travel many times. Due to this, we all had to contribute to soldering part in turns.Circuit assembling was the most important aspect of our project. Earlier we had taken up a round from Electronics For You magazine. We spent almost two days on assembling that circumference but it didnt work. After that we intractable to change the rophy and instead of using optical maser detect diode, we used photo resistors. We tried to pull the circuit simpler, so I examine all the percentages of the circuit and tried to necessitate some of them to see if the circuit was still give outing. Apart from this, I compiled the data presumption by my group members to win the final examination show.Abhinav Tripathi Id 201101001. We had decide to make a LASER based intruder detection alarm but I sight that it will be better to make it into a security system to validate the entry of accepted people. For this purpose I perspective of making a card swapping system using LED and photoresistors so that when a person comes with a valid card the buzzer should not beep. Later, we searched internet and I decided to use slot sensors for this purpose. entirely the group members, suggested ways of integrating the buzzer and the sensor interface to ensure coveted functionality.Soldering seemed to be tough task for us. I started with the soldering and was later joined by other group members too. I overly made contribution in debugging the circuit several times when it didnt work. only of us canvas about the divers(a) components of the circuit. I did focused study of the Timer- 4017 and the encoder used in RF transmitter. Apart from this, I in addition devoted time to find the functioning of the slot sensors and finding identical resistance for slot sensor circuit, implement it in our circuit. Srinivas SriVasthav Bontula Id-201101025.After we decided on the topic that is Laser base tresp asser Alarm. I came up the Circuit . Our first flak was a failure. In our first test we used Voltage Regulator IC-7805 , Phototransistor L14F1, Opamp IC-LM356, Timer IC-555, Transistor BC548. Then we searched for various others circuits, ultimately while watching some videos on Laser Alarms We found out a circuit . In our second prove we connected this circuit and it worked. The components we used in this circuit are Counter 4017, instead of Phototransistor in the previous circuits we used a LDR( light dependantResistor) , Opamp IC-741. After we finished the rudimentary Laser Circuit we came up with this idea of using an RF Transmitter and Reciever , so that we detect the alarm at the place we want. I as well as spent some time in studying and mind the circuit. I did my part in connecting the circuit. We designate tasks to every member of our group regarding the working teachings of Laser Circuit, Transmitter , Reciever , Slot Sensor. My task was to study and understand the working of Laser Alarm circuit. First we connected everything on the Bread bill of fare and checked whether the circuit worked.And then finally we soldered the RF transmitter and Reciever on the PCB. I in any case helped in soldering the circuit. Even later we finished everything our circuit didnt function properly in two ways or thrice at that time I helped in debugging the circuit. Karan J. Dave ID 201101019 I was very excited to do project after we decided the project of Laser Based Security Alarm. First of all I tried to find some circuits of such project in Google and YouTube. We found some 2-3 circuits from different source but in 2 of them we chased many problems regarding to buzz on and off alarm. Finally we got one circuit from YouTube.I studied about chips which are used in that circuit. I studied about LDR, OP-AMP and 4017 TIMER. I got the chance to sleep together about inverting and non-inverting OP-AMP. I studied about 4017 TIMER from its datasheet got from the internet and I had known about that from my friends in any case. I studied about HT12E (Encoder) which was used in RF-Transmitter and HT12D (Decoder) used in RF-Receiver. I did soldering of some of the circuits. I did circuit assembling and debugging with my friends. I did also resource-management work for our project. I really enjoyed the completely project by doing this all things.Thanks to you sir for bad us this wonderful opportunity. From our project we receive learnt team-work, time-management and we could feel that now we are the engineers. T Pavan Nagaraju Id 201101024 Initially I helped in connecting a Alarm Based circuit Interface which consists of Voltage Regulator IC-7805 , Phototransistor L14F1, Opamp IC-LM356, Timer IC-555, Transistor BC548. simply we are unable(p) to get The Desired Output from It then We Switched to a circuit that does the work of alarm and many of our group twosome were not able to understand the working of IC 4017 Timer.Which works using J onson Counter I understood the Concept and working principle of the Jonson Counter Which is basically made of 5 bi-stable (D-Flip flops) I understood that which a system of logic from this 10 states of the Jonson Counter the output pins get hot coded high output. And get to know how this reset button be useful and Implemented in this IC 4017 . As This IC 4017 is made of n-MOS I applied my Digital Logic Knowledge and come to know that there will be some Dynamic Hazards. I had soldered the Receiver part in the RF Receiver And understood why encoding is prerequisite In any signal transmission .So we can hasten Bit recovery and Safe Signal transmission. I worked in circuit assembling and debugging circuits. I did the sustenance part for the presentation regarding 4017-Timer and Receiver part. Archit Bakliwal ID 201101005. When we started our project, our constitute concern was to make a security alarm. But as we proceed further, we also used the idea of slot spotting which is mai nly used for the entry of authentic person in banks, buildings etc. But later on, all of sudden, I thought that there is no part of communication in out project. Then everyone recognize that we have to do something to a greater extent than just making an alarm.So, Then, I, along with one of my friend, came up with the idea of making receiver and transmission interface in our project. Soldering is referred as major part of making a circuit. Initially, it seemed to be troublesome task because chips were more likely to burn but as I had a little generate with it, so it didnt remain a tough task for us. I have also played keen enjoyment in assembling the circuit which was not an easy task. I have also contributed in making the circuit and have done circumstantial study on functionality of various components of the circuit.Specially regarding Timer4017,LM71 Opamp, HT12e Encoder, HT12d Decoder, RWS 434 receiver, TWS 434 transmitter etc. This detailed study helped me to know about the components and analyzing the circuit for resource management and documentation. DHARMIK THAKKAR Id 201101006 Our Project was LASER BASED INTRUDER DETECTION ALARM which could be used for security system in building apartments, banks, malls, etc. The project was extended to validate the entry of some authentic person such that a person with valid card enters the buzzer shouldnt buzz. For this purpose slot sensors were used to keep a check upon valid entry.The project further used RF Transmitter and Receiver interface so that if some unauthentic entry takes place security system is alerted which was accomplished by glowing LEDs at Receiver interface. My role for the project was study of chips which included analysing availability and functionalities of LDR, TWS TRANSMITTER 434, RWS pass receiver 434 and DECODER HT12D. I helped my team mates in Soldering purpose as it seemed to be tough task for us. Soldering purpose was successfully accomplished without burning chips by the use of ch ip sockets and female strips. I collected information regarding various phases i. . Alarm, Sensor and RF Transmitter and Receiver interfaces of our project and analysed the circuit for Resource attention and Documentation that could be used for sailplaning Preparation. I also helped in Circuit Assembling. Prasoon Id 201101036 After lots of ideas our group stick to the topic that is Laser Based Intruder Detector Alarm in which we created a body which contained a main circuit that produced voltage when light didnt befall on the LDR. The circuit contained many component that need to be study so I helped in understanding the function of opamp LM 741.The material for our project was profound to find sometime so I was the one of the prime candidate for bring these material. Our circuit also contained audrino board, Slot sensor(for security system) and RF transmitter and receiver these circuits were also hard to make but our group combined to make it look easy. I helped in assembling these circuit many times. Soldering also was a main part of our project which was a difficult task, I helped in many parts of the task also we needed to set aside mistake from the circuit and documentation which was also a combined reason, In presentation every one had there slides to make.At the last its a combined effort by our group. Ankit Chaparwal ID 201101017. For the project everybody came up with sore innovative ideas, at last we decided to make a laser based intruder detection alarm, but in group discussion we decided to make it in a security system to validate entry of an authentic person. For this purpose we used slot sensors. In the project I helped the Group members in soldering . Other then that I had assembled the receivers circuit with one of the Group members and also disposed(p) Slide for presentation on LDR .Studied on LDR and thought about how it can be used as a sensor in our circuit. Anuroop Kuppam My involvement in the project , coding the Arduino micro-con troller. In our project Arduino provides an interface between the slot sensors and the alarm system. So the micro-controller demand to be coded. The micro-controller takes the input from the slot sensors and then decides whether to enable the alarm system or not. Hence the operating voltages margins of the micro-controller needs to be determined manually.After this was done we used these margins in making the micro-controller work accordingly. Having seen a lot of coding samples on the net income , I came up with a code which serves the purpose of the project . The code then was debugged in certain places and further touch and fine tuned to fit perfectly and drop various delays that we have encountered in the tendency of making the alarm system. I also soldered the various components of the RF receiver and the slot sensor onto the perforated circuit board and debugged the circuit to make it work.